Iodine and HealthĮxternal exposure to large amounts of iodine can cause burns to the eyes and skin. Learn about I-131 used in nuclear medicine. I-131 is often used to treat thyroid cancer. In medicine, I-131 is supplied in capsules or liquid form for patients to swallow. from nuclear weapons or reactor accidents can occur in particle form, which can be ingested in food or water. Iodine-131 in fallout falloutRadioactive material in the air from a nuclear explosion that will cool into dust-like particles and fall to the ground. Atmospheric testing in the 1950s and 60s released radioactive iodine to the atmosphere. Iodine-129 has dispersed around the world, and is now found at very low levels in the environment. Most I-129 in the environment came from nuclear weapons testing. Iodine-131’s short half-life of 8 days means that it will decay away completely in a matter of months. If released, I-129 will remain in the environment for millions of years. In soil, however, it combines easily with organic materials and moves more slowly through the environment. Radioactive iodine can disperse rapidly in air and water. Iodine readily combines with other elements and does not stay in its pure form once released into the environment. Iodine dissolves easily in water or alcohol. Iodine can change directly from a solid into a gas, skipping the liquid phase, in a process called sublimation. Iodine also has a wide range of other uses, for example, in photo-sensitisers, catalysts, stabilisers and polarising films on the liquid crystal display.All 37 isotopes of iodine chemically interact with the environment in the same manner. Iodine compounds are added to table salt and feed to treat and prevent “iodine deficiency symptom”. Iodine, being a simple substance and having an anti-biotic function by nature, is used as a raw material for the production of various bactericides or disinfectants. The Institute of Medicine has set the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for iodine in adult men and women at 150 μg per day. Iodine also has an excellent ability to absorb X-rays and as such is frequently used as a substitute in the production of various diagnostic contrast-media. Iodine is also considered to be an essential element to human growth. Iodine combines with other elements such as carbon to produce what is referred to as organo Iodine compounds or organic iodides.Ī partial list of iodine derivatives includes:ĭue to its high reactivity, iodine forms numerous compounds which have a wide variety of medical and industrial uses. In addition to the inorganic chemistry of elemental Iodine there is another class of quite different and interesting chemistry involving bound or organic Iodine chemistry. Its size and weight and physicochemical parameters significantly affect its chemistry when compared to other halogens and make it a most unique and interesting state of elemental matter to work with and include in the development of useful value added products. Iodine’s atomic diameter is quite large and heavy. It is also interesting to note that Iodine is slightly soluble in water however the addition of iodide ion increases the solubility in water substantially. This interesting fact is extremely useful and used extensively for a number of analytical procedures for Iodine analysis. It is quite interesting that both the addition of one electron and the removal of from 1 to 7 electrons eliminate the color of elemental Iodine. Elemental Iodine can easily be reduced chemically or electrochemically to iodide ion by the addition of an electron, and can easily be oxidized chemically or electrochemically, yes by removal of from 1 to 7 electrons. Like the other halogen elements it is diatomic, meaning that in its atomic state there are two atoms bound together to give one entity referred to as I2. It has a characteristic odor and a sharp acrid taste. It is included in the seventh column of the periodic table, fourth in this halogen column. It is however volatile and therefore when heated it sublimes to a purple vapor. It is a solid, not a liquid or gas like the halogens above it in the periodic table. Its appearance however is metallic, dark bluish black in color. It is classified as a non metallic element – showing that it has little of the characteristics of metallic elements. Iodine is included in the element list of the lesser 1/3 in abundance and is therefore classified as a rare element.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |